Heat treatment is a process of heating and cooling metals to create specific properties. There’s multiple types of processes.

Forging is a form of heat treatment, the process is heating metals to create parts and seal cracks.

Steel is heated then cooled in the furnace to reduce hardness & improve plasticity.

Quenching is heating metal then rapidly cooling in water, nitrate, oil or air.

The metal is heated, held for a period of time, then cooled. Reduce or eliminate internal stress after quenching. Minimise deformation & cracking of the metal.

Alloy 718 is a high strength nickel alloy that withholds excellent corrosion resistance.

Stainless steel is an alloy of iron that is resistant to corrosion & resistant to corrosion & rusting.

Grade of material with high composition in it.

Duplex is an alloy that has a two phase ferritic austenitic.

Hardness is the resistance of material.

Machining is a process in which material is cut to desired final shape and size by a controlled material removal.

Non ferrous metals are metals that don’t contain iron.

Water jet cutting is high pressure water that is used to cut metals such as stainless steel.

There Is a variety of types of stainless steel, including austenitic, martensitic, duplex grades and ferritic.

Austenitic stainless steel isn’t magnetic. However, martensitic, duplex grades and ferritic are magnetic.

Stainless steel will corrode if it is in a severe condition, but is corrosion resistant in majority of environments.

For the grade of stainless steel, there must be at least 10.5% chromium.

General corrosion occurs across most of the surface area of the metal.

Galvanic corrosion is electrochemical process that occurs when two different metals are in contact with one another through an electrolyte.

Stress corrosion cracking is the growth of a crack formation in a corrosive condition.

Erosion corrosion is degradation material surface due to mechanical action.

Crevice corrosion happens in confined spaces to which access of the working fluid from environments is limited.

Crevice corrosion is affected by the choice of metal, environment and conditions.

Aggressive environments

Pitting corrosion.

Casting is a process of liquid metal into a mould of sand, metal, or other materials.

Metals are corrosion resistant due to the processes they’ve had, such as heat treatment.

Corrosion is caused by water, air, chemicals.

Nickel alloys aren’t considered as steel as they are Ni based.

Stainless steel has excellent hardness and high durability.

The few disadvantages to duplex stainless steel include the impact toughness is worse at a lower temperature & phases can deform during welding.

Small gaps around joints & fasteners where fluid can wet things, but have barely any flow rate.

Fretting corrosion causes a lot of damage, which results in having to remove a lot of the metal that has been effected. Damping vibrations is often effective.